Skip to main content

How hot can it be in the workplace? New guidelines tighten the rules on breaks during work in hot conditions

Henkilö seisoo ulkona sandaaleissa ja pitää ruskeaa reppua kädessään.
Henkilö seisoo ulkona sandaaleissa ja pitää ruskeaa reppua kädessään.
Hot weather reduces work capacity and increases the risk of accidents. Recent research findings show that breaks must be taken more regularly when working in the heat – particularly in physically demanding jobs.

Hot working days take their toll on employees in many ways. According to Tanja Luukkanen, a Senior Advisor on Work Environment and Equality Affairs at the Trade Union Pro, the effects of the heat are not always adequately recognised in the workplace.

- Heat increases fatigue, impairs concentration and raises the risk of errors and accidents. It puts a strain on both the body and the brain, says Luukkanen.

Recent studies by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health show that the level of strain cannot be assessed on the basis of temperature alone. The physical demands of the work also have a significant impact on how quickly the body becomes strained and how much time is needed for recovery.

Heavy work causes body temperature to rise rapidly

According to the study, heavy physical work raises the body temperature considerably faster than light or moderate work. At the same time, recovery is slowed down, which means that heat stress increases despite taking breaks.

At a temperature of around 30 degrees, this means in practice that greater attention must be paid to the rhythm of work and breaks:

  • for moderate-intensity work, a continuous work period must not exceed 40–45 minutes, after which a break of at least 15 minutes is required

  • for heavy work, a work period must not exceed 30 minutes, and the break must be at least 20 minutes

  • in addition, one longer break of 45–60 minutes is recommended during a shift.

As the temperature rises, work periods must be shortened and breaks extended further.

The employer is responsible for ensuring safe working conditions

Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, employers must ensure the health and safety of their employees, even in hot weather. In practice, this means, amongst other things, controlling the temperature, organising adequate breaks and reducing the workload.

– Even in office work, temperatures can rise to levels that are harmful to health. It is the employer’s responsibility to ensure that heat stress does not jeopardise employees’ wellbeing, Luukkanen points out.

Heat also impairs specialist work

Although the new recommendations relate specifically to physical work, heat also affects light and cognitively demanding work. There is less research data on these effects, but they are clearly evident in the workplace.

– Heat slows down thinking, impairs concentration and increases the risk of errors. The effects can quickly become apparent in the quality of work, even if the work is not physically demanding, says Luukkanen.

Heat stress is an occupational health and safety issue

The most common symptoms of heat stress are fatigue, headaches, dizziness and weakness. Furthermore, high temperatures increase the risk of dehydration and place a strain on the cardiovascular system.

Employees can reduce this strain by ensuring they stay properly hydrated and taking breaks at regular intervals. It is also important to inform a chef if the heat begins to affect their ability to cope at work.

– Heat stress is an occupational safety issue just like any other risk in the working environment. Its effects should not be underestimated, Luukkanen emphasises.

Heatwaves have become more common in Finland in recent years, which is why preparing for the heat has become an increasingly important part of everyday life in the workplace.